What Is 心肌病?
心肌病 is a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body. The various types of the disease have many causes, 体征和症状 以及 治疗. In most cases, cardiomyopathy causes the heart muscle to become enlarged, thick or rigid. In rare instances, diseased heart muscle tissue is replaced with scar tissue.
As cardiomyopathy worsens, the heart becomes weaker. The heart becomes less able to pump blood throughout the body and incapable of maintaining a normal electrical rhythm. 结果可能是 心脏衰竭 or irregular heartbeats called 心律失常. A weakened heart also can cause other complications, such as 心脏瓣膜问题.
概述
The main types of cardiomyopathy are:
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy
- Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
- Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM)
Some other types of cardiomyopathy are called “unclassified cardiomyopathy.另一种类型, which usually follows acute emotional stress, is “stress-induced cardiomyopathy,也被称为 broken heart syndrome.
心肌病 can be “acquired” when it develops due to another disease, condition or factor. Or cardiomyopathy can be “inherited” when the gene for the disease is passed on from a parent.
In many cases, the cause of cardiomyopathy isn’t known. This is often the case when it occurs in children.
心肌病 affects all ages, although certain age groups are more likely to have certain types of cardiomyopathies.
Approaches to treatment
Some cases of cardiomyopathy have no signs or symptoms and need no treatment. 在其他情况下, cardiomyopathy develops quickly with severe symptoms, and serious complications occur. Treatment is required in these instances.
Treatments include lifestyle changes, 药物, 手术, implanted devices to correct 心律失常 and other nonsurgical procedures. These 治疗 can control symptoms, reduce complications and prevent the disease from worsening.
